Examples Of Important Trade Offs - 1387 Words

Gino Palummo Microeconomics Final Due: 12/12/15 1. Examples of important trade-offs that I face in my life†¦ - To go out with my friends or to stay in and study. - Whether to take a nap or do my homework. - To buy a new car or to save my money. 2. a) Economists make assumptions to simplify a complicated world to make it easier to understand and to focus our thinking to the importance of the problem. If we focus on what we are really looking for it will make coming up with a solution much easier. b) Economists sometimes offer conflicting advice to policy makers because each economist might have a different view on any situation depending on their religion, political view, etc. c) An economic model cannot describe reality because it would be too hard to understand. A model is simplified to show what is the most important. 3. a) No, economic output did not start growing faster than the population from the beginning of the human inhabitation of the earth because rapid and sustained economic growth is a modern phenomenon. b) Modern economic growth began with the Industrial Revolution in 1760. c) No, all of the world’s nations did not experience the same extent of modern economic growth because the vast differences in living standards seen today between rich and poor countries are almost entirely the result of the fact that only some countries have experienced modern economic growth. 4. a) The difference between macroeconomics and microeconomics is thatShow MoreRelatedOperational Effectiveness Is Not Strategy1123 Words   |  5 Pagesthe world of business today, rivals can quickly copy market position, and competitive advantage is temporary. The problem is the failure to distinguish between operational effectiveness and strategy. 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Good relations between employers and employees are only possible if both feel that they can discuss major

Health and Social Care Unit 5 - 1111 Words

Unit 5 Principles of Safeguarding and Protection in health and social care 1.1, 1.2 Physical Abuse Physical abuse is abuse involving contact intended to cause feelings of intimidation, pain, injury, or other physical suffering or bodily harm.. Physical abuse includes... * Hitting / slapping / kicking * Pushing * Pinching * Force feeding * Burning / scalding * Misuse of medication or restraint * Catheterisation for the convenience of staff * Refusing access to toilet facilities * Leaving people in wet or soiled clothing or bedding Signs and symptoms of physical abuse... * Multiple bruising or finger marks * Fractures/dislocations * Scratches or cuts * Pressure sores * Black eyes†¦show more content†¦Signs and symptoms of institutional abuse... * Inability to make choices or decisions * Dirty clothing/bed linen * Un-homely living conditions Self neglect Self neglect is where individuals place themselves at risk of harm and potential danger. Self neglect abuse includes... * Increasing infirmity * Physical illness or disability * Memory and concentration problems * Sensory loss or difficulty * Mental illness and mental health problems * Learning difficulties/disabilities * Alcohol and drug misuse problems * A different set of priorities and perspectives Signs and symptoms of Self neglect abuse... * Loss of weight * living environment is dirty and unhygienic * pressure sores * dehydration * malnutrition Neglect by others Neglect by others occurs when either a support worker or a family or friend carer fails to meet someone’s support needs as they do not realise its importance, or because they cannot be bothered, or choose not to provide it. Neglect by others abuseShow MoreRelatedUnit 5 Health and Social Care Essay1298 Words   |  6 PagesUnit 5 P4, M1 and D1 This essay will explain the physiologies of the respiratory system and the cardiovascular system and how they work in the metabolism of energy in the body. 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Philosophical Legal Ethics and Personal Integrity

Question: Discuss about the Philosophical Legal Ethics and Personal Integrity. Answer: Introduction Ethics is demonstrating our values when faced with situations that test our moral compass. Ethics determines the choices we make and the implications derived. The ethical lens inventory is a specially designed evaluation tool that assists people to understand their core values that influence their decisions in life(Marcuse 2015, p.1260). The Ethical Lens Inventory (ELI) is critical to understand and point out individuals values in addition to how they prioritize their values when making ethical decisions. The Lenss ultimate goal is to help students to minimize unnecessary conflict with their colleagues, make better ethical judgments and enjoy their lives moral values with confidence and integrity. The ELI gives an indication of strengths, gifts, temptation points, and hubris. Our personal value liking places us in a particular ethical lens that emphasizes on various secondary values. The ELI provides awareness about appropriate moral priorities, strengths, and blind spots. The ELI seeks to create global citizens. A global citizen is a resident of a given country who sees themselves as part of a new sustainable global community. The behavior of a global citizen must support the values and practices the community upholds. Values evolve over time, and a global citizen should keep close tabs on them. The main area of concern for a global citizen is the values and issues a community stresses upon. A global citizen is an integral element in a community. Global citizens have responsibilities required of them. To become a global citizen a person has to have a knowledge of the values he upholds. These values impact your ethical decision-making ability when faced with ethical dilemmas(Marcuse 2015, p.1261). Personal ethics is essential to identify how an individual prioritizes core values when making moral decisions. I have never been a good judge of character of other people. I always tend to see the good in people even if others are of a different opinion. On the start of the semester, I started an innovative small group whereby we offered each other creative ideas and financial assistance where possible to start a project. The group had four members including three gentlemen and one lady. Since we were all friends we had stricken a good rapport and everything was going according to our plans. Our vision was to create innovations that could help solve societal problems. Our innovative ideas were simple but adhered to environmental conservation and community economic development. One of our friends engaged in the solar lighting business. He had created a solar lamp, which would also act as a portable torch. Furthermore, the lamp could charge smartphones through USB. In the middle of the semester, we encountered a problem in our finance department. The group was running out of funds, and our projects were only at the starter stage. We had to source for funds as soon as possible. We talked to our families and friends, but it was up to no vain. As we were running out of options, we decided to approach a certain businessman in the community. He was well known for his vast fortune but had poor public image due to his corrupt nature. He had made his empire through fraudulent means. The task was to show him a glimpse of our projects and discuss on how much he would lend us and at what interest rate. As the other group members were against the idea, I went and made a deal on behalf of the group to secure the needed funds. We plowed the money into our small business ventures and worked tirelessly to make more money and repay the loan we had just taken. Little did I know that I had just made a deal with an unscrupulous man? We were repaying our loan in bits as per our agreement but then the corrupt lender started demanding more. He started asking for more installments as he saw that our business ventures were doing well, and we could repay the loan. At the moment when he began asking for more money is when I realized that he did not lend us money to save our business. He had hopes that we would fail in repaying the debt so he could take over our companies and ideas to benefit his selfish gains. In the end, we had to go through a big hustle to get all the remaining money we owed him and paid it in one installment. Paying him the debt at once was our only chance of cutting ties with him. I had trusted the wrong person without listening to advice from my friends. I saw the right side of the business person even though I was warned. Looking back at the whole experience, I realized I should not have trusted the man so quickly. Due to my values, I thought I made an ethical choice for everyone but in reality, I had messed up. I felt that the community was unjustly treating the businessman, and I could give him a fair chance to show his real character. Repaying the loan in one installment crippled our businesses and we had to start from scratch. Decision making is a very important tool in the success of a business venture. Through making the right decisions, a leader can tap into the whole potential of an organization and maximize profits (Zylberman 2015, p.862). It is not always easy to make ethical decisions knowing that you have to forego another opportunity which could be more profitable. Over the last summer holiday, I worked as a human resource assistant in a profitable organization. I had designated roles within the organization as the human resource department is ever busy. My daily duties included setting up interviews, calling the candidates to invite them for the interviews and occasionally being on the interview panel. This meant that I was part of the decision being made on the most suitable candidate to be selected for the job. During recruitment, the selection is a very critical step. It is often easy to find a good candidate to fill a position or join the firm, but it is hard to place that person in the right position and at the right time. In the midst of the summer, a position fell vacant due to the unfortunate death of an employee. The position had to be filled immediately as it was a crucial management position. We called and invited candidates for the interviewing process. Gladly, I was a member of the interviewing panel, and we had to make a choice for the right candidate. As the final decision rests with the human resource manager, he settled on an excellent employee who proved to be better in the interview process. Unfortunately, the candidate had poor skills and knowledge in the required field but was the best in the interview. We then proceeded to hire the guy and place him in the empty position. At first, all seemed to be well and sundry, but as the organization started facing challenges, it is when problems with the candidates skills and knowledge started to manifest. Assignments would be done sub standard or submitted late, and poor decisions were made. A few weeks to performance evaluation, the organization began overcoming the challenges and competition to become a market leader. During this time the performance of the new employee improved a little bit. During the performance evaluation exercise, the human resource manager evaluated his performance highly in spite of the previous dismal performances. If I were the human resource manager, I would not have employed the guy just by passing an interview. It is a very common knowledge that the best in an interview are not the best potential employees(Hill and Mulvey 2014, p.165). A person can train specifically to pass an interview even though he does not have the required skills and knowledge. The decision to employ the uns uitable candidate was a poor decision that cannot be justified by continuing to have the employee work in the organization. Global citizenship requires a person to engage ethically and productively in the professional context (Torres 2015, p.264). Moral sensitivity and awareness are critical values to be upheld in the workplace. I worked in a particular sales company in the year 2015 as a part time sales agent. My job was out in the field, so I was in the office occasionally. I was not relevant to the culture adopted by employees especially the sales agents. After a while, I discovered that a good number of the sales agents and senior employees were overstating their travel reimbursements. They were overstating their travel expenses to increase their pay package. Fellow employees encouraged me to adopt the same values and do the same. To them, it was not a big deal, and it was a way to get payback against the organizations management for little compensation. They urged me to be part of the unethical process, and I would become a full member of the group. They would encourage each other in spreading the vice. This was a tough choice to make as I was being compensated a little and I needed the extra money to cater for my expenses. I had to make a decision to either adhere to the moral values of the society or adopt to the new culture of dishonesty. I had to consider my fidelity to the company, loyalty to other employees and global citizenship. Being a firm believer of the global citizenship initiative, I had to make a decision as not all values can be upheld at the same time(Sherman 2016, p.633). Since I strongly believe in my ethical values of autonomy, equality, rationality and sensibility. Because I can make ethical choices for myself and others, I had to make the best option suitable for that situation. I made a decision not to follow in the footsteps of my fellow colleagues. I brought the matter to the attention of the management. The company had to respond to the issue and respond with strict company policies to prevent any future loss. Had I engaged in the same unethical habitual be havior I would have become habituated to violating all aspects of my ethical framework. Nevertheless, I did not comprise on my personal ethics. To be a global citizen, it is only right to adhere to the moral values of the society and my core values of equality, rationality, sensibility and the virtue of justice. Conclusion To be a global citizen, a person has to engage in the required decent set of behavior and act professionally. Personal ethical values determine the kind of choices we make when confronted with ethical situations. Understanding your ethical lens inventory results is key to living an ethical life of moral values and becoming a global citizen. Ethics and moral values are pillars that hold a society together. A global citizen should be dedicated to teaching these values and upholding them wherever he or she goes to. Global citizenship is a community and is not controlled by any border lines. It is the moral responsibility of each individual to uphold the right moral values and help make the society a better place. References Dare, T 2010, 'Philosophical Legal Ethics And Personal Integrity',University of Toronto Law Journal, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 1021-1030. Hill, JD, Mulvey, GJ 2014, 'Resources And Guidance For Ethics And Personal Conduct In Meteorology',Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, vol. 95, no. 1, pp. 164-167. Jong, J, Whitehouse, H, Kavanagh, C, Lane, J 2015, 'Shared Negative Experiences Lead to Identity Fusion via Personal Reflection',PLoS ONE, vol. 10, no. 12, pp. 1-12. Lachman, VD 2016, 'Ethics, Law, and Policy. Moral Resilience: Managing and Preventing Moral Distress and Moral Residue',MEDSURG Nursing, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 121-124. Marcuse, P 2015, 'Gentrification, Social Justice and Personal Ethics',International Journal of Urban Regional Research, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 1263-1269. Montgomery, J 2015, 'Conscientious Objection: Personal And Professional Ethics In The Public Square',Medical Law Review, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 200-220. Moula, P, Sandin, P 2015, 'Evaluating Ethical Tools',Metaphilosophy, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 263-279. Sacks, E 2016, 'Law, Ethics, and the Needs of History: Mendelssohn, Krochmal, and Moral Philosophy',Journal of Religious Ethics, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 352-377. Sherman, P 2016, 'Preparing social workers for global gaze: locating global citizenship within social work curricula',Social Work Education, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 632-642. Sheskin, M, Baumard, N 2016, 'Switching Away from Utilitarianism: The Limited Role of Utility Calculations in Moral Judgment',PLoS ONE, vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 1-14. Sklad, M, Friedman, J, Park, E, Oomen, B 2016, ''Going Glocal': a qualitative and quantitative analysis of global citizenship education at a Dutch liberal arts and sciences college',Higher Education, vol. 72, no. 3, pp. 323-340. Stuart, SR 2016, 'Addressing the balance of evidence and power: Personal reflections on research in recovery',Clinical Psychology Forum, no. 283, pp. 48-51. Torres, CA 2015, 'Global Citizenship and Global Universities. The Age of Global Interdependence and Cosmopolitanism',European Journal of Education, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 262-279. Zylberman, A 2015, 'Essays in Second-Personal Ethics. Vol. 2, Honor, History, and Relationship',Ethics, vol. 125, no. 3, pp. 862-867.

The Different Forms of Nazi Propaganda and Comment on its Success Essay Example

The Different Forms of Nazi Propaganda and Comment on its Success Essay The Nazi Government extensively used Propaganda to influence the German nation and to promote the views of the Regime. It was utilised with the aim of coaxing the people to think and behave in a specific manner. Propaganda was vital for the Nazis as it won the support that enabled them to gain power. Adolf Hitler and Joseph Goebbels were the main force behind the Nazi propaganda machine, they intended to keep the population satisfied and to win the support for their political policies. The key theme behind the propaganda was to indoctrinate the people with their Weltanschauung idea (view of the world or philosophy), seeking to turn them into committed members of their Volkgemeinschaft. Did the Nazis achieve their objectives? Did the propaganda prove to be successful? All propaganda was created by Goebbels and Hitler it was spearheaded through the Reich Chamber of Propaganda and Enlightenment of which Goebbels was in charge. The Nazi government used several different forms of propaganda so that they took every opportunity to influence the typical German. They used the media in the form of the press, radio and film. They contaminated culture with their ideas, using paintings, sculpture, architecture, theatre and literature. They held meetings and rallies and had particular Nazi festivals. They influenced the youth by introducing Nazi education and a youth organisation known as the Hitler Youth. Finally they attempted to create a religion known as the German faith movement which combined Nazi ideology with Christian beliefs. We will write a custom essay sample on The Different Forms of Nazi Propaganda and Comment on its Success specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Different Forms of Nazi Propaganda and Comment on its Success specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Different Forms of Nazi Propaganda and Comment on its Success specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Apart from Volkgemeinschaft there were many other themes that the propaganda had intended to promote they were anti-Semitism (the hatred of the Jews), the Fuhrer or Hitler myth that is summed up by Germany is Hitler! Hitler is Germany! Other subjects were national solidarity, anti liberalism and anti left wing/ democracy. The features of the Propaganda used were its subtly it was always there but the individual didnt realise the influence it was having upon them. There was focus on each particular theme, it was enforced through constant repetition. They used different medium so it reached the whole nation. The message was simplified so the common German could understand it and the number of issues it advertised was kept to a minimum so it had a greater influence. As Goebbels the Reich propaganda minister said the finest kind of propaganda does not reveal itself; the best propaganda is that which works invisibly, penetrating into every cell of life in such a way that the public has no idea of the aims of the propagandists. It is the task of state propaganda so to simplify complicated ways of thinking that even the smallest man in the street may understand. The Nazis took strict control over the press; the centre for the Reich Press control had a list of all acceptable editors. In October 1933 it was made illegal to publish anything that would weaken the Reich. The press agencies would write half of the content of the newspapers, the other half was came from the press conferences. Press was basically state controlled; the press lost all its freedom of expressionism. In 1933 the Nazis only controlled 3 per cent of the press by 1939 that had risen to 69 per cent. Section four of the press law ordered editors to keep out of the newspapers anything which in any manner is misleading to the public, mixes selfish aims with community aims, tends to weaken the strength of the German Reich, outwardly or inwardly, the common will of the German people, the defence of Germany, its culture and economy or offends the honour and dignity of Germany. Radio became one of the most powerful tools of indoctrination; Goebbels described it as the spiritual weapon of the totalitarian state. In April 1934 the Nazis established a unified radio system. They purged all of what they described as hostile elements from the system. Probably Goebbels greatest propaganda asset was the production of the Volksempfanger (peoples receiver). It was a cheap small radio subsidised by the government and it only picked up one station. In 1933 7 million people owned one of these radios by 1940 16 million household were listening. To start with the radio was only for light entertainment. In 1935 the estimated audience was 37 million out of 70 million people. If a speech were about to be broadcast then a siren would sound all work would stop and mass listening would commence. Through technical devices such as the radio 80 million people were deprived of independent thought. It was thereby possible to subject them to the will of one man. Film was seen as a form of light entertainment and relaxation. During the 1930s as audiences increased Hitler began to realise that it could be used as a means of propaganda. In 1942 it was nationalised under the UFA. However it wasnt just domestic films that were controlled it was also foreign film that was restrained in particular a number of American Films were banned, because they promoted anti-social behaviour. Goebbels made himself personally responsible for each film, a film would be rewarded by money if it was supportive of Nazism and they were valuable to society. Leni Reifenstahl was Hitlers favourable Director. The two most famed films she directed were the Triumph of the Will released in 1935 and Olympia a documentary about the 1936 Berlin Olympic games. There were many films that promoted Nazi ideology such as the Eternal Jew, that referred to the Jews as a parasitic race, and Judd Suss about the hanging of a Jew. Film was used more for maintaining support for Nazism rather than converting people. One of the most effective ways of maintaining support was through mass rallies. Most of the participants would already be Nazi supporters, but their commitment would probably be strengthened through attending these rallies. Films of rallies might make non-participants feel they wanted to become part of such an impressive movement. The purpose of rallies like film was to improve and maintain support Goebbels described how rallies transformed a person from a little worm into a part of a large dragon. Much of the Nazi social policy was aimed at transforming peoples consciousness far more than their social position. A wide variety of schemes were devised to encapsulate the idea the idea of Volkgemeinschaft, working together, protected by the state. The DAF (German Labour Front) provided facilities for German workers. The peoples car scheme symbolised co-operation to help potentially anyone. The winter relief campaign and Eintopf (one pot meal) all illustrated the new sense of unity within society. The social policy was used to help keep the nation content so they saw that the Nazi Government was good for Germany. The Nazis were determined, through the Reich Chamber of Culture, to exercise control over all forms of culture, to apply it to strengthen their power and to include their values. After 1933 the arts were bound to serve as vehicles for the broadcasting of Nazi ideology, and to help fabricate the peoples collective mind. The arts are for the National Socialist State a public exercise; they are not only aesthetic but also moral in nature and in the public interest demands not only police supervision but also guidance. Painting was dumbed down so it could be easily understood by the common German. Heroic scenes, biological purity and athletic images that promoted the individual was used providing all sections of the community with an ideal. Artists had to have permission to paint and those that did not coincide with the Nazi ideals were prevented from painting or exiled. As a result art in Germany lost its individuality. Degenerate art was art that Hitler considered unacceptable basically any art that had no connection with Volkgemeinschaft and art that threatened to split society. As in all things, the people trust the judgement of one man, the Fuhrer. He knows which way German art must go in order to fulfil its task as a projection of the German character. Sculpture was used by the nazis as it was strong and was a long lasting way to promote the Aryan race all sculpture was changed so that it promoted Nazi ideology. A series of massive sculptural muscle men paraded on or in front of Nazi buildings, reflecting the biologically pure, vigorous Aryan race. Considerable use was also made of photographs. Hitler had an official photographer, Heinrich Hoffman. Key images were carefully stage-managed. Hitler practised expressions and poses before the camera. A series of photographs was widely reproduced, some as postcards, others inside cigarette packets. Of all the traditional arts architecture was viewed as the most artistic form of propaganda. Hitler described it as the word in stone. Buildings were experienced by large numbers of people, and could be constructed in materials that would last; they could thus represent the Thousand-Year Reich that the Nazis were building. The Nazis, like other parties had made considerable use of political posters during the democratic Weimar Republic. After 1933 they had a monopoly which was used to deepen support. For the Nazis education was particularly important. In the schools Nazi racial views were taught and textbooks in subjects such as history and biology were re-written. Teachers were required to join the Nazi Teachers Association and were continuously watched to ensure they followed the party rules by law the association was held responsible for the execution of the ideological and political co-ordination of all teachers in accordance with the National Socialist doctrine. Universities were placed under control of government appointed rectors and academics were not willing to toe the Nazi line were forced out. The Hitler youth was a form of propaganda. It allowed Hitler to infiltrate every aspect of young peoples lives, to always be there. It was the fun of activities and sports, social activities, that held the true appeal of the Hitler youth to the young, not the military practices and exercises that were endlessly drilled into them. All youth movements were absorbed into the Hitler youth, which boys joined at the age of 14. The boys were indoctrinated with the nationalist and racist ideas. They took an oath to Hitler as saviour of our country and were taught to look forward to a future role in the military service. The parallel girls organisation the League of German Maids, prepared girls to serve the state as wives and mothers. Many Christians initially welcomed the Nazis in preference to the ungodly Weimar Republic. This encouraged Hitler to attempt to bring he church under Nazi control by amalgamating the 28 provincial Churches into a Reich Church under a Reich Bishop, Muller. The Nazification of the Reich Church, which attempted to combine Christianity with anti-Semitism and Fuhrer-worship, resulted in a split and emergence of the Confessional Church, led by Pastor Niemoller. This was banned in 1937 and Niemoller and some hundreds of other Pastors were sent to concentration camps. The relevance of how successful propaganda was at reaching people is that it would be true to say that if it had reached people, if it had influenced peoples thought in a way beneficial to the rise of the Nazi party, therefore it had reached its primary aim. If it was successful then it is a credible explanation as to why the Nazis did gain power, through its constant repetition and its means of a way of creating a terror state. Effectively brain wash the nation in to believing that their ideals were right. Propaganda was used in its greatest effect to affect every German person in at least some small way. Propaganda helped the rising Nazi party earn a stronger foothold in the consciousness of peoples thoughts, earn a vote, earn support. However it was not entirely successful as there was fierce opposition to the Nazi movement we see in the example of the Christian Church and the dissenting Confessional Church from the newly created Reich Church. Also there was the Edelweiss Pirates which was a youth movement set up to counteract the Hitler Youth the slogan of this movement was Were going to get rid of Hitler and he cant do a thing. In this opposition we see a failure of propaganda because it shows that it was not influential enough to control these groups opposed to Nazism. It is very difficult to actually gauge the success of Nazi propaganda no market research was conducted to collect results there is no accurate way of measuring the success. If there had been polls conducted, the results would have shown exactly what Goebbels and Hitler wanted people to think, this was achieved by making sure that only certain things were safe to think and more importantly safe to say. In general Nazi propaganda was most successful where it could play traditional prejudices and values of German middle class society, upon issues such as nationalism, anti-socialism, family values But where the regime opposed traditional loyalties, it was far less successful, most obviously in the case of the Churches, also amongst the German working class. We can see that the propaganda must have been influential amongst the German people. It helped the Nazis gain support of the middle class in particular. The nation seemed to be united under Hitler or was that the image portrayed by the Goebbels propaganda machine? The Nazis did achieve some of their objectives through propaganda especially support for their political policies. The only indication we have of success is in the fact that the Nazis gained sufficient support in order for them to be democratically elected into a government which they later destroyed. As Goebbels said in 1934 Propaganda was our sharpest weapon in conquering the state, and remains our sharpest weapon in maintaining and building up the state. Propaganda was the Nazis main weapon and in the evidence we have of election results, support and little opposition the Nazi propaganda machine did succeed in achieving its objectives and therefore was largely successful.

How To Learn New Skills As A Content Marketer [VIDEO] - CoSchedule

How To Learn New Skills As A Content Marketer [VIDEO] Content teams often have too much to do, and too few people to get it all done. For content marketers, that means we’re often asked to stretch our skill sets. Whether you need to create a new type of content or delve into a task you’ve never tackled before, you may not always know how to do everything you’re asked right away. It’s easy to feel overwhelmed. Fortunately, learning new content marketing skills isn’t as hard as it sounds. In fact, it only takes 100 hours to develop basic competency at a given task. Plus, you don’t have to be a master right away. The secret to success is to just start. The secret to success is to just start. #OverheardAtIn this video, I chat with s  Content Marketing Lead, Nathan Ellering, to discuss how to overcome perfectionism and the fear of failure. Plus, you’ll learn the same skill development process the team used to build a blog that gets 1 million page views per month, an email list over 120,000 strong, and a fast-growing social media following.How To Learn  New Skills As A Content Marketer #OverheardAtSubscribe to receive videos in your inbox: //

Scythians in the Ancient World

Scythians in the Ancient World Scythians a Greek designation were an ancient group of people from Central Eurasia distinguished from others of the area by their customs and their contact with their neighbors. There appear to have been several groups of Scythians, who were known to the Persians as Sakas. We dont know where each group lived, but they lived in the area from the Danube River to Mongolia on the East-West dimension and southward to the Iranian plateau. Where the Scythians Lived Nomadic, Indo-Iranian (a term that also covers inhabitants of the Iranian plateau and the Indus Valley [e.g., Persians and Indians]) horsemen, archers, and pastoralists, depicted wearing pointed hats and trousers, the Scythians lived in the Steppes northeast of the Black Sea, from the 7th-3rd century B.C. Scythia also refers to a region from the Ukraine and Russia (where archaeologists have unearthed Scythian burial mounds) into Central Asia. Eurasian Map showing Steppe tribes, including SythiansRelated map showing location in Asia, as well The Scythians are closely associated with horses (and the Huns). [The 21st-century movie Attila showed a starving boy drinking the blood of his horse to stay alive. However much this might be Hollywood license, it conveys the essential, survival bond between the steppe nomads and their horses.] Ancient Names of the Scythians The greek epic poet Hesiod called the northern tribes hippemolgi mare milkers.The Greek historian Herodotus refers to the European Scythians as Scythians and the eastern ones as Sacae. Beyond the Scythians and other Steppe tribes was supposed to be Apollos sometimes home, among the Hyperboreans.The name Scythians and Sacae applied to themselves was Skudat archer.Later, the Scythians were sometimes called Getae.The Persians also called the Scythians Sakai. According to Richard N. Frye (The Heritage of Central Asia; 2007) of these, there wereSaka HaumavargaSaka Paradraya (beyond the sea or river)Saka Tigrakhauda (pointed hats)Saka para Sugdam (beyond Sogdiana)Scythians, who attacked the kingdom of Urartu in Armenia, were called Ashguzai or Ishguzai by the Assyrians. The Scythians may have been the Biblical Ashkenaz. Legendary Origins of the Scythians A rightly skeptical Herodotus says the Scythians claimed the first man to exist in the region at a time when it was desert and about a millennium before Darius of Persia was named Targitaos. Targitaos was the son of Zeus and the daughter of the river Borysthenes. He had three sons from whom the tribes of the Scythians sprang.Another legend Herodotus reports connects the Scythians with Hercules and Echidna. Tribes of the Scythians Herodotus IV.6 lists the 4 tribes of the Scythians: From Leipoxais sprang the Scythians of the race called Auchatae;from Arpoxais, the middle brother, those known as the Catiari and Traspians;from Colaxais, the youngest, the Royal Scythians, or Paralatae.All together they are named Scoloti, after one of their kings: the Greeks, however, call them Scythians. The Scythians are also divided into: Sacae,Massagetae (may mean strong Getae),Cimmerians, andGetae. The Appeal of the Scythians The Scythians are connected with a variety of customs that interest modern people, including the use of hallucinogenic drugs, fabulous gold treasures, and cannibalism [see Cannibalism in ancient myth]. They have been popular as the noble savage from the 4th century B.C. Ancient writers eulogized the Scythians as more virtuous, hardy, and chaste than their civilized contemporaries. Sources The Scythians, by Jona Lendering.The Scythian Domination in Western Asia: Its Record in History, Scripture, and Archaeology, by E. D. Phillips World Archaeology. 1972.The Scythian: His Rise and Fall, by James William Johnson. Journal of the History of Ideas. 1959 University of Pennsylvania Press.The Scythians: Invading Hordes from the Russian Steppes, by Edwin Yamauchi. The Biblical Archaeologist. 1983.

Aviation Transport Services In The United Arab Emirates Research Paper

Aviation Transport Services In The United Arab Emirates - Research Paper Example The airline is among the leading air carriers internationally in terms of passenger-kilometers (Etheredge 2011, p.93). It has also managed to stand out as the leading airline in Asia and the Middle East, and this has led to its success in terms of biggest revenue base, passengers carried, and fleet size (Etheredge 2011, p.93). By 2014, it had been announced as the fourth largest airline internationally in terms of passengers ferried and the third largest in respect with kilometers covered for both passenger and freight services (Eriksson-Zetterquist et al. 2011, p.234). Emirate Airline operated the longest non-stop commercial flights to San Francisco, Houston, Los Angeles and Dallas from Dubai (Eriksson-Zetterquist et al. 2011, p.234). Emirate Airline manages a mixed fleet of Boeing w-body aircraft and Airbuses. This is one of the few airline companies that manage an all wide-body aircraft fleet in the world (Plunkett 2009, p.43). Emirate Airline is among the leading airlines in airbuses purchases having placed an order for more than 140 of this, in 2013 alone. It has also managed to create a strong brand name as the leading airline company in Asia in terms of excellence, profitability and profit margins (Plunkett 2009, p.43). The aviation consultancy group known as Skytrax rates Emirates Airlines as a fou r-star airline. In 2013, Emirate Airline was voted as the most successful airline of the year 2013 (Al-Romaithi 2006, p.46). In the year 2012, Emirate Airline purchased a new Boeing jet, which became its 102nd airplane to join the Emirate Airline’s Boeing 777 fleet (Plunkett 2009, p.43). Cities that join the Emirate Airline’s network in 2012 include Seattle, Buenos Aires, Lusaka, Dublin, Harare, Rio de Janeiro, Dallas, Barcelona, Washington Lisbon and Ho Chi Minh City.

Poverty in England Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Poverty in England - Essay Example The class-bound society did not permit infiltration and this social structure was largely responsible for an impoverished condition of the working classes. One could not work one’s way to the top and things began to stagnate for the working class. This led to workers unions and other activities that recognized the poverty that existed in the lower strata of the British society. It also led to an increase in violence in the society. â€Å"The ‘cultural grammar’ of any society provides numerous opportunities to breach social rules† (Violence and Crime in the  Nineteenth Century England: The Shadow of our Refinement, J. Carter Wood, Routledge; 1 edition (June 17, 2004) The distribution of resources was largely unequal and the inequality of income made the situation all the worse. While countries like Germany and the United States possessed fast-paced developing industries and an abundance of natural resources yet to be exploited, Britain had none of these an d had to look overseas for these resources. This worsened the situation. The threat of an upcoming war that engulfed numerous countries of the world, meant that Britain had to get her war-strategies and preparation right. This, in turn, meant a huge amount of expenditure, which is another reason that led to the neglect of a portion of the society, that remain impoverished.It is later that the Government recognized these facts and in order to appease the dissatisfied working class, introduced welfare reforms and wage hikes.

Creative Writing with Photo Inspiration Essay Example for Free

Creative Writing with Photo Inspiration Essay

Skinheads Essay examples -- Gang London Skinhead Gangs

When thinking about skinhead gangs in London, it is impossible not to conjure up images of shaved heads and heavy Doc Martin boots accompanying a particularly racist kind of violence with no respect for authority structures of the state. However, did these gangs begin with such a clear idea of their purpose? Were they aware that their daily activities would become a â€Å"subculture† along with the Mods and Rockers? In his essay titled â€Å"The Skinheads and the Magical Recovery of Community,† John Clarke argues that skinheadism is about the recovery of a community in working class neighborhoods where this feeling had been lost due to various changes in socio-economic conditions. He says that their feeling of exclusion â€Å"produced a return to an intensified ‘Us-Them’ consciousness† (Clarke, 99). Though the realization of this distinction plays a major part in the formation of any subculture, the Us-Them discourse turns out to be much more compli cated in the case of skinhead gangs, and the space that these groups occupy in relation to the outside world does not have such clear boundaries. Looking at three different representations of Skinhead culture: the novel A Clockwork Orange (1962) by Anthony Burgess, the non-fiction work The Paint House (1972) by the Collinwood gang, and the film Scum (1979) directed by Alan Clarke, the evolution of this space over time becomes clear. This change happens both in the way the gangs define and view themselves, as well as in the way mainstream society deals with the problem of violence in â€Å"Modern Youth† (Burgess, 41). Ironically, the skinhead style began as a way for these working class youths to feel dignified and was in direct opposition to the tendency of other young people, such as hippies, ... ...ys, â€Å"The people who read it will be these Marxist students and such who will contact us to join them in their fight against the establishment† (110). There is certainly an ambivalence about giving mainstream society literary access to the space the skinheads occupy. This is yet another way that the boundary between Us and Them gets breached. Perhaps the sheer violence, language, and overall controversial nature of these works are in themselves a kind of boundary maintenance, only letting in those who feel some affinity to their world. Works Cited Clarke, John. â€Å"The Skinheads & The Magical Recovery of Community.† In Resistance through Rituals. Ed. by Stuart Hall and Tony Jefferson. 99-105. London : Hutchinson, 1976. Doyle, Pat and others. The Paint House: Words from and East End Gang. Middlesex, Eng.: Penguin, 1972. Scum. Dir. Alan Clarke. G.T.O, 1979.

Youth Sports

Youth Sports According to the Center for Kids First, there are more than 40 million youth athletes that play sports in America today. These youth athletes have a plethora of organizations they can pursue. From super competitive programs like the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) which includes sports like baseball/softball, basketball, soccer and volleyball to the supposedly fun programs like PAL, POP Warner, and Little League Baseball/Softball there is a league for anyone regardless of their skill level or competitive fire.The big question is do playing youth sports affect the athlete in the long run? There are many factors involved in the competition of youth sports that in the long run may push the athlete away from sports all together. Not only is it the athlete that is involved in this process, the coaches, parents, and fellow competitors play a huge role in the affect youth athletics have on its athletes. As we go along we are going to talk about some of the problems associated with youth athletics, and try to find solutions to these problems.The first thing that comes to mind when you think about problems in youth sport would be the overzealous parents. The parent that goes above and beyond to push their child to his/her limits. A study conducted by the Citizens Through Sports Alliance gave what they call a â€Å"report card† showing the results of how parents effect youth sports (Emmons). This panel of experts essentially based their results on youth sports programs with ages ranging from 6-14(Emmons). Parents received low grades in the areas of a win at all costs mentality and overall parent behavior.Executive director for the Positive Coaching Alliance, Jim Thompson said,† We really hope this is a wake-up call. This is such an important part of kid’s lives and if there is something wrong with youth sports, then we ought to start thinking about the ways we can change it. †(Emmons) The parent’s role in a child’s youth sport experience could range from being the driver to and from practices and games all the way to being the coach of the team and officiating the game itself for that matter (Hedstrom/Gould). But what is really going on?Early studies have shown that the role of the parents in youth sports has become more of a problem as time has passed. Results show that the five biggest problems that parents have involving there child in youth sports include; overemphasis on winning, unrealistic expectations, coaching their own child, criticizing, and pampering there child too much (Hedstrom/Gould). There have been documented accounts of parents arguing with coaches, confronting referees, and even unforeseen altercations while attending a youth sporting event. So how do we attempt to remedy this situation?One approach would be for the parents too fully immerse themselves into the culture of the league. Do some reading, attend informative sessions, and talk to other parents involved in the league to try and get a full sense of the philosophy and goals of the organization (Emmons). Doing this will allow for the parent to get a scope of how the league operates and see what values and goals the league holds true. It is important that the parent be involved in the children’s experience in youth sport, but it’s more important that they don’t pressure the child before, during, and after a contest.Just being there attending games, driving to away games, and joining in team celebrations will show a strong support for the child and enhance their experience in youth sports (Hedstrom/Gould). One final approach that I personally like would be at the very beginning of the season before you even have your first practice, the coach of the team should call a team meeting and have all the parents of the players attend. The purpose of this meeting would be to discuss the main objectives of the season and make sure that everyone is on the same page (Hedstrom/Gould).While run ning this meeting it is important to stress the roles of everyone involved and stress good sportsmanship. Burnout is said to be one of the biggest factors that attributes to youth athletes quitting. What is burnout? The definition from the text of the book social issues in sport tells us that burnout is the exhaustion of physical or emotional strength as a result of prolonged stress that causes athletes to discontinue competitive sports. Studies have told us that an estimated 73% of athletes drop out of sports by the age of 13 (Adkins).This is a staggering figure that as time has passed continues to grow. Not only is it the fact that the athlete may be getting burned out by playing one sport, they may just give up and quit playing organized sports all together (Adkins). There are a few main explanations that can be attributed to athlete burnout. The first suggestion is the excessive stress and pressure put on the athlete. These days there is such an emphasis on winning and being the best that we see at a younger and younger age that athletes are pressured to win at all costs (Masterson).They are pushed above and beyond what their comfort level may be and exposed to excessive stress and pressure by parents, coaches, and fellow teammates (Adkins). A second theory suggests that the athlete experience what is called entrapment. They invest all this time into their sport but is not seeing any of the rewards or benefits of all the work they have put in. basically what is happening is that the costs are outweighing the benefits which over the long run is causing the athlete to burnout (Masterson). So how do we stop athletes from burning out and eventually dropping out of youth sports all together?In my opinion, it boils down to the factor of specialization. If at a young age you push your child to just play one sport year round your child over time is going to grow tired and bored of doing the same thing every single day. I feel that it is important for the parent to encourage their child to participate in multiple sports. This will not only keep them active all year round but it will keep their mind fresh and will allow for them to find different things to do with their time. Another suggestion would be for the parent of the child to not force anything on their child, especially at a young age.In youth sport, if the parent pushes their child to compete in a sport they are not willing or wanting to compete in this will only speed up the process of burnout and more than likely cause a disconnect in the relationship between the athlete and parent (Hill). This leads me into my next problem with youth sports which is the concept of specialization in sport. At younger and younger ages children are beginning to play sports and more and more the parents are pushing their child to focus on just one sport.Specialization is defined as an athlete limiting their athletic participation to one sport which is practiced, trained for, and competed in throughout the year (Hill). There are many arguments for and against specialization in sport. Sport specialization lives by a basic philosophy, if you start them early you can narrow there focus and concentrate on one sport (Hill). With the competitive nature of sports today and the overemphasis on winning, parents and coaches are beginning to feel that sport specialization is needed for athletes to keep up with one another.Especially at the collegiate level where there is such a spot light on athletes they may feel driven to specialize in one sport to enhance their chances of getting a college scholarship. In youth sports, with the overabundance of competitive leagues children can play in year round coaches feel that if you specialize in one sport overtime you will more effectively refine your skills and master your craft through increased practice time in that sport. These are some great arguments that support the sport specialization agenda, but I feel that there are more disadvantages to sport specialization than there are advantages.Bottom line is that a young age no one is 100% positive on what their child is going to be good at when they get older. So it is important that in youth sports children diversify their experience and try many different sports. Some of the disadvantages involved in specialization include psychological burn out which we touched on in the previous section. In some cases, when an athlete specializes in one sport they miss the opportunity to play other sports which may cause them to miss the sport they are best at. So, I feel that at a young age when kids get involved in youth sports that they should try everything (Hill).For example, when I was 6 I attempted to play little league soccer and after the first week of practice I decided to retire because I felt that it just wasn’t the best sport for me. When parents emphasize specialization on their children the child could possibly miss the sport that they are fit to play (Adkins). One of the main problems associated with specialization in youth sport is that if the athlete is playing the same sport year round and using the same muscles throughout the year, those muscles are bound to break down (Masterson).This if one reason why I am a true believer in sport diversification. Athletes who diversify their experience in youth sport are regularly using different muscle groups and have a reduced risk of overuse injury. Sport diversification also does a lot of other positive things to help youth athletes (Masterson). Sport sampling, especially at a young age in youth sports provides them with a variety of options for later sport activity. They are using different skill variations that may transfer from sport to sport.There is a cushion against failure knowing that when one sport ends that another one will be starting up soon (Hill). All these factors of sport diversification are great ways in which children can stay active and fit, stay involved in youth sport, and not get burned out too quickly. Youth sports are definitely a huge force in America today. But, if were not careful the negative aspects that have been mentioned throughout this paper are going to not only drive kids out of playing sports all together, they are going to hurt high school and eventually college athletics.Sport specialization is a huge force behind youth sports burnout and by age 13 you’re seeing more and more kids drop out of youth sports all together. We need to diversify the experience children are having in youth sports and get them to play different sports year round. The trend of overzealous parents is an easy fix if we just sit down with them and clarify exactly what we are looking for at the beginning of the season and continue to stress sportsmanship. We know that there are going to be those parents that can’t be controlled but maybe if we use this method we will reduce the number of outburst and control the overzealous parent.Youth sport is and alwa ys was meant to be a fun experience for children to go out play a great game and have fun with their friends. Let’s get back to those days and rebuild our youth sports programs to the fun loving carefree atmosphere they once were.Works CitedHill, Dr. Grant. â€Å"Sport Specialization: Causes and Concerns. † Utah Sport For Life | Utah Athletic Foundation. Web. 28 Nov. 2010.  http://utahsportforlife. comAdkins, Michael. â€Å"Youth Sports Issues. † EHow | How To Do Just About Everything! How To Videos & Articles. Web. 28 Nov. 2010.  http://www. ehow. comMasterson Ph. D, Gerald. â€Å"Problems in Youth Sports. † Family Resource. Web. 28 Nov. 2010.http://www. familyresource. comEmmons/ Mercury News, Mark. â€Å"Adults Hurting Youth Sports. † Ballistic United Soccer Club. Web. 28 Nov. 2010.http://www. busc. orgHedstrom, and Gould. â€Å"The Role of Parents in Childrens Sports. † College of Education – Michigan State University. Web . 28 Nov. 2010. http://www. educ. msu. edu

Should the Right to Assisted Suicide be Legal?

Persuasive Essay Should terminally ill patients have the right to doctor-assisted seclude? The right to assisted suicide Is an Important topic that concerns people all around the e united States. Debates go back and forth on whether or not a dying patient should continue to suffer or die to relieve all that pain. I think assisted seclude should be legal, because what If the person wants it, what if it makes them shriek from the pain.It's their body and they c loud do whatever they want to it and we can't control that. Terminal patients should be given the right to assisted suicide in order to end their suffering and pain, give them an option to De termini their own life and what they want to do with it, and it reduces financial problems of h capital care on their families. First off terminally ill patients have the fight to doctor assisted suicide because it can end their suffering and pain.Imagine being in a hospital for a long time, getting treatments, take inning medicine, and Jus t feeling like crap. The doctor says you don't have much time to live, wouldn't you Just want to end all the pain quicker? This spring, arrear old, Brittany Maynard learned that she had terminal brain cancer. After careful assessment of her prognosis s and ended life choices, she and her family reluctantly decided to move from their San Francisco Bay Area home to Oregon, that authorize death with dignity.

Free Essays on Internet Review

â€Å"Hands on learning† is the buzz word throughout school systems. The best way for students to learn is through doing. Subject content areas are filled with hands on learning ideas and activities. A student can learn and discover through experimentation. Most lesson plans available on the Internet are full of activities and learning styles that are facilitated by innovative instruction styles. â€Å"The value of peer interaction depends not only on children’s abilities to engage with one another, but also on the teacher’s ability to engage sometimes as a peer† (DeVries and Zan, pg. 56). Teachers are no longer dictators standing at the blackboard while students sit at their desks with their hands folded. Now students are teaching each other through cooperative learning groups. Students are working together to learn. Once in a Blue Moon is a science lesson plan for primary students to learn about features of the moon. The lesson plan introduces a literature tie-in which is an appropriate and engaging start for the lesson. Hands on learning is also included through watercolor paintings. Art is important for young students. Students enjoy the activity while improving their fine motor skills. The conclusion of the lesson is a class discussion focusing on facts about the moon. A class discussion can be highly effective when it is generated and facilitated correctly by the teacher and students. With primary students class discussions tend to be side tracked very easily. If a class discussion is facilitated properly it can stay on task and allow students to speak openly about the topic. Discussions are a terrific wrap up to any lesson. For grade levels 4, 5, and 6 students study the moon through an experiment offered in the lesson plan Phases of the Moon. The lesson plan is not heavily detailed. It relies on the book The Moon Seems to Change by Franklyn M. Branley to explain the experiment. The overview of the lesson describes the l... Free Essays on Internet Review Free Essays on Internet Review â€Å"Hands on learning† is the buzz word throughout school systems. The best way for students to learn is through doing. Subject content areas are filled with hands on learning ideas and activities. A student can learn and discover through experimentation. Most lesson plans available on the Internet are full of activities and learning styles that are facilitated by innovative instruction styles. â€Å"The value of peer interaction depends not only on children’s abilities to engage with one another, but also on the teacher’s ability to engage sometimes as a peer† (DeVries and Zan, pg. 56). Teachers are no longer dictators standing at the blackboard while students sit at their desks with their hands folded. Now students are teaching each other through cooperative learning groups. Students are working together to learn. Once in a Blue Moon is a science lesson plan for primary students to learn about features of the moon. The lesson plan introduces a literature tie-in which is an appropriate and engaging start for the lesson. Hands on learning is also included through watercolor paintings. Art is important for young students. Students enjoy the activity while improving their fine motor skills. The conclusion of the lesson is a class discussion focusing on facts about the moon. A class discussion can be highly effective when it is generated and facilitated correctly by the teacher and students. With primary students class discussions tend to be side tracked very easily. If a class discussion is facilitated properly it can stay on task and allow students to speak openly about the topic. Discussions are a terrific wrap up to any lesson. For grade levels 4, 5, and 6 students study the moon through an experiment offered in the lesson plan Phases of the Moon. The lesson plan is not heavily detailed. It relies on the book The Moon Seems to Change by Franklyn M. Branley to explain the experiment. The overview of the lesson describes the l...

10 Ideas for Networking

10 Ideas for Networking 10 Ideas for Networking 10 Ideas for Networking By Mark Nichol Whether you’re a staff employee at your workplace, or you’re a home-based freelancer, you’ll benefit from a proactive effort to make yourself a part of a professional or interest-based community. Try one or more of these networking options: 1. Join an online writers’ community or social-networking site. (They abound on the Web; I chose this one as an example because of the clever play on the name of the professional-networking site Linked In.) 2. Become a member of a writers’ union like the Writers Guild of America West or its East Coast counterpart. 3. Sign up with a genre-specific writers’ association, such as the Mystery Writers of America. 4. Form or join a writing group. 5. Look up a site for writers of fan fiction, such as FanFiction.net. 6. Take a writing or literature class or workshop, and keep in touch with the students (and the instructor). 7. Attend writers’ conferences or enroll in an MFA program. 8. Attend (or organize) author events, poetry readings, open mics, and other literary gatherings. 9. Cultivate relationships with editors and with other writers. A rejection letter can be a beginning as well as an ending, and freelance writers (and editors) can pass leads on or hand surplus projects off to each other. 10. Develop your networking skills outside the writing realm by joining a civic or professional organization, volunteering with a nonprofit organization, or getting involved with a club or a hobby group. Networking Tips When attending events or other assemblages, exchange business cards or email addresses with fellow participants, but don’t treat the gatherings like speed-dating nights. Focus on meeting and engaging with no more than several people. It’s all about quality, not quantity, and especially when it comes to recurring events, you’ll always have another opportunity to meet someone you missed before. Writers are stereotyped as being wallflowers. That’s not always true, of course, but stereotypes come from somewhere. If you’re shy, try these strategies: Ask a more outgoing partner or friend to go with you and let them lead you into introductions. Find the most uncomfortable-looking person at the event, note that they’re probably feeling more nervous than you are, and go up to them and smile and say, â€Å"Me, too.† Reassure yourself that you don’t have to say a thing about yourself; let the other person do all the talking (unless they turn the tables on you or become tiresome). Come up with a stock question: â€Å"What’s your favorite novel?† â€Å"What are you reading?† â€Å"How’s your book coming?† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:5 Uses of InfinitivesTelling a Good Poem from a Bad OneThe 7 Types of Possessive Case

Analyzing the differing conceptions of separation of power held by Essay

Analyzing the differing conceptions of separation of power held by Publius and Anti-Federalists - Essay Example THE NECESSITY OF SEPARATION OF POWERS The idea of the necessity of limitation of powers within the framework of written Constitution was a basic premise shared by Federalists and Anti-Federalists alike. For instance, Cato argues that â€Å"a general presumption that rulers will govern well is not a sufficient security† (â€Å"Cato†), while Federalist James Madison observes that â€Å"the separate... exercise of the different powers of government... is admitted on all hands to be essential to the preservation of liberty† (â€Å"The Federalist No. 51†). At the same time, there existed views sceptical of universality of separation of powers. Centinel, an Anti-Federalist, considered the scheme of separation of state power into rival branches insufficient for the establishment of a truly democratic government (â€Å"Centinel†). In a sense, both Anti-Federalists and Federalists accepted the necessity of limitation of powers and of delineating the function s of different governmental bodies. Nevertheless, while Federalists ascribed higher qualities to the principle of separation of powers (â€Å"The Federalist No. 47†), the Anti-Federalists viewed it just as one of many, and not the most important, safeguards against the abuse of power. THE SEPARATION OF POWERS AND THE CONSTITUTION According to the Federalists, the separation of powers was to be maintained through the relevant organization of the internal structure of the government. The Federalist authors were convinced that by enabling independent agency to each â€Å"department† of government while simultaneously restricting their ability to interfere in proceedings of the other branches, the institution of truly republican government was perfectly feasible (â€Å"The Federalist No. 51†). Accordingly, the Federalists objected to the idea of recurrence to the people in the event of conflicts between the branches, cautioning against the strengthening of the legis lative power at the expense of the others (â€Å"The Federalist No. 49†). They found the independence of the judiciary especially important, warning against the possible encroachments by the legislature on the aforesaid independence (â€Å"The Federalist No. 78†). Anti-Federalists viewed the model of separation of powers established in the Constitution as abstract, pointing at excessive powers of the Executive and at the mixture of the executive and legislative branches of power found in the Senate (â€Å"Cato†). Both Cato and Centinel regarded the Senate as an aristocratic institution; whereas Cato proposed to institute direct election of the Senators and to establish annual rotation of its members (â€Å"Cato’), Centinel advocated the abolition of the Senate and the House of Representatives in favour of creating unitary federal legislature (â€Å"Centinel†). In short, the Federalists feared the possibility of â€Å"tyranny of majority† ex pressed through the legislative branch and maintained the necessity of curbing the excesses of popular majority (â€Å"The Federalist No. 10†, â€Å"The Federalist No. 49†). The Anti-Federalists, on the other hand, thought that strong Presidency and non-elected Senate undermined the proper distribution of powers and advocated their reform (â€Å"Cato†) or abolition (â€Å"Centinel†). ALTERNATIVE MECHANISMS TO ASSURE THE APPROPRIATE CONDUCT OF PUBLIC OFFICIALS Both Federalists and Anti-Federalists believed in the necessity of

PC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

PC - Essay Example Evidently, this will make work easy especially for persons who keep struggling to type words and take too long to edit the same paper for so long. The benefit of these computers that can actually hear sounds and type the same into words would indeed be a plus for computer technology. A positive of the same would also happen for persons who do not understand various languages as the computers will be fed all languages then the users would simply read, the computer would listen and type what the user says. For instance, persons with English problems would benefit from this development. Data will be collected from online sources especially ones that include natural reader and how these readers are useful in computers. A good example is Seo’s work that explains the functioning of natural readers and how they include natural sounding voices (115-119). The author also continues to argue that the natural readers are very easy to use and can convert all manners of files into spoken words (Seo 115-119). With the reader being termed as about 99% accurate, this move is a plus for computer technology. Data will also be collected through interviews with persons who have used this technology before and how efficient the same has been to them. A good target group would be students who have enjoyed the reader through getting their notes typed with ease. Surveys on the benefits of this technology will also be analyzed especially on the education sector. Data will also be collected through telephone interviews to assess how this assistive technology will indeed make proofreading easy especially in large documents and how the technology will allow its users save much time as opposed to the traditional PCs. Observations will also be used as a way of collecting data especially observing the users and how well the software is making work easier for them. After this collection of data, it will be possible to make

DQ Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

DQ - Assignment Example e process , why is engagement important for successful implementation and lastly how might engagement with management differ from techniques that you might use to engage staff employees. A consultant can engage others in the change process through various ways. A consultant can use a survey by use of questionnaire or conduct a research on the change he wants to bring. He can also use total quality management tool by accessing the current and expected performance. Through the various studies and engaging various stakeholders, you could bring constructive engagement through it (Seneque & Bond, 2012). Engagement is important for successful implementation because the consultant is able to determine the weakest and strongest area on the implementation of change. Understanding this enables those intending to bring the change address the weaknesses and strengths and bring about change successfully (Kettinger, Teng, & Guha, 1997). Engagement with top management and lower management differs as a result of various factors. Usually the needs of the executive and the employees are different. In most cases, the fear of change creates tension among employees because they fear they would be laid off. The top management greatest fear is on how they would continue asserting their powers in the organization (Aladwani, 2001). Seneque, M., & Bond, C. (2012). Working with the complexities of transformational change in a society in transition.European Business Review,  24(5), 425-443.

Nursing Interventions For Critically Ill Brain Injury Patients

Nursing Interventions For Critically Ill Brain Injury Patients A key priority when caring for a patient with an altered level of consciousness is giving the patient a chance, in which interventions are focused on learning about the patient, protecting and monitoring patient status, talking to the patient and working with the family (Villanueva, 1999). Neuroscience intensive care unit nurses carry numerous interventions when caring for a critically ill traumatic brain injured patient. In this study, their specific interventions, that they routinely perform, are identified. Quantitatively and qualitatively, nurses regularly monitor hemodynamic considerations such as O2 saturation, BP and temperature and other physiological parameters, monitor intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion, and providing emotional support. While qualitative analyses solely showed that the other nursing interventions that they do could be classified as neurophysiological interventions, psychosocial interventions, injury prevention interventions, and interventions that maintains therapeutic environment. This study would present proofs of the comprehensive role of the neuroscience intensive care unit nurses caring for Traumatic Brain Injured patients and can be used in future researchers that would like to investigate the contribution of neuroscience inte nsive care unit nurses interventions to the progression of the patients condition. After gaining an approval from the institutional review boards and nursing administration, a survey was done to 67 nurses who work in 3 different ICUs from two level-I trauma centers who regularly care for critically ill TBI patients. Those two trauma centers were chosen because they were both comparable in terms of delivery and organization of nursing care, employment ratios, and nurse characteristics so as to not have bias on the study. The respondents were registered nurses that worked for at least 3 months as a full-time or part-time clinical bedside nurse in an ICU that handles critically ill Traumatic Brain Injured patients. They were approached during their unit staff meetings and change-of-shift report times and invited to take part in the study. They were then given a questionnaire which was comprised of 3 parts: Part A was comprised of series of questions about their previously handled TBI patient, part B contained case scenarios wherein they used nursing judgments, and par t C gathered demographic information about the nurse respondents. For the quantitative data, all neuroscience intensive care unit nurses indicated that they were responsible for the monitoring of the patients blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and temperature. And approximately 50% of the nurses indicated that they were also responsible for the monitoring of the ICP and CPP. For the qualitative data, there were 4 categories where in the nurses interventions were grouped. The first one is the Neurophysiological Interventions. It is comprised of monitoring and maintaining the physiological parameters to guarantee neurological stability in TBI patients. In addition to that parameter, they also monitored pulmonary artery and central venous pressure reading, cerebral spinal fluid drainage, serial laboratory values, and carbon dioxide parameters. Keeping these values within the normal range, nurses help TBI patient to prevent secondary brain injury and to uphold neurological stability. The second one is the Psychosocial Interventions. In this category, n urses make meetings between the family member and various members of the healthcare team. Meetings between the family members are held to provide education and background of the plan of care being rendered to the patients and also to give information about the possible patient outcomes and rationales for the therapies. The third one is the Injury Prevention Interventions. This category aims to prevent additional complications to the patient and to ensure patients safety. The primary interventions for this category are maintenance of spine precautions and frequent reorientation of the patient. Other interventions like prevention of skin breakdown and ventilator-associated pneumonia, prevention of falls and evaluation for the need of restraints to prevent disruption of medical devices are considered usual care for any vitally ill patient. The fourth and the last category is Maintaining Therapeutic Milieu. In this category, nurses give suitable environment for the patient and provide t heir special needs. Limiting visitors, decreasing lighting, minimizing noise, avoiding disruption of the patients sleep-wake cycle are the interventions done in this group. All of which are carried out to provide optimal care and rest periods to the patient thus limits further increase in ICP. Neuroscience nurses indeed have an essential part in the care of the critically ill traumatic brain injured patients. Their interventions address the prevention of secondary brain injury and complications and provide significant support and guidance for the family members. Therefore, they have a big contribution to the patients positive outcomes, but there is still no research documenting their multifaceted role on the patients progression. These data are needed to recognize the exceptional contribution of neuroscience ICU nurses as part of the interdisciplinary team caring for TBI patients and as a foundation for future research investigating how ICU nurses impact patient and family recovery from TBI during the acute stage of injury.

Black Holes Essay -- essays research papers fc

Black holes are one of the many things in the universe that scientists still have a muddy understanding about. However, with the incredible advances of technology, we are able to understand more than what we have in the past. Today, the only way to observe these incredible objects are by looking for radiation from the gas surrounding it. What are they? Black holes are no more than a  ³dead star. ² A star that is considered  ³alive ² would be our sun. The sun still produces energy by converting hydrogen into helium, thus considered to be  ³alive. ² Once a star has run out of hydrogen, it begins its dying process. The final stage may result in a black dwarf, which is a small cool object no longer radiating energy, or if the star harbors enough mass it could result in a black hole. Black holes are defined as a collapsed star. The difference between a black dwarf and a black hole is the original mass of the star, which determines whether or not that star will have enough gra vitation force to collapse upon its self and form a suction, or to remain as that small cool object, a black dwarf. Why do black holes suck everything in? To understand why material that enters a black hole is unable to escape, one must understand the concept of escape velocity. This is the velocity (speed) at which any material needs to exceed in order to escape from something. Because, as Einstein said,  ³What ever goes up must come down! ² In other words, in order for a space craft to exit the Earth ¹s atmosphere so that it must not come down, it must exceed a certain speed. In order to figure out the Earth ¹s escape velocity one takes the square root of the planet ¹s mass divided by the planet's radius. PLANET ¹S MASS / PLANET ¹S RADIUS = ESCAPE VELOCITY On Earth with a radius of 6,500 km, the escape velocity would be 11 km/sec. Therefore to launch any object away from Earth, the object must travel (escape) faster than 11 km/sec. All of this is of course the result of gravity. However, imagine a huge vise that squeezed the Earth to one-quarter its present size. What would then happen to the escape velocity? The velocity would increase because the mass would increase as the radius increased. Thus, taking the square root of a larger number, ending up with a larger number that being the escape velocity. The actual escape velocity of this hypothetical question would double it making it 22 km/sec. Taking ... ... horizon, which would emit radiation because of this. The thermal radiation is so hot that it is expected to be x-ray types of radiation. Once the radiation surpasses the even horizon, the x-rays cease and the material inside continues in great distortion. This is what scientists are trying to link to their observation of such radio active areas within out universe today. Bibliography Abell, George O. Exploration of The Universe. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1975. Berger, Melvin. Quasars, Pulsars and Black Holes In Space. Canada: Longman Canada Limited, 1977. Bisnovatyi-Kogan, G.S.  ³At The Border of Eternity. ² Science. February, 27, 1998: 1321- 1322. Chaisson, Eric. Relatively Speaking. Canada: The Readers Digest Association Ltd., 1990.  ³Down The Galactic Drain. ² Discover. April 1998: 25. Shipman, Harry L. Black Holes, Quasars, and The Universe. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1976. Sullivan, Walter. Black Holes- The Edge of Space, The End of Time. New York: Anchor Press, 1979. Taylor, John G. Black Holes: the End of The Universe?. New York: Random House Inc., 1973.  ³The Astronomers- Searching for Black Holes. ² Community television of Southern California, 1991.

Plavix Case Study

Patent Games: Plavix Case Study Columbia Southern University Abstract This case study illustrates the conflict between patent protection and preserving a pure competitive market. Pharmaceutical companies are granted patent rights to newly developed drugs for a limited amount of time. Through legal means they are able to form monopolies and maximize their profits. a parent company can move to delay the release of its generic comparison through legal and illegal measures. In the following case Bristol-Myers Squibb fell victim to their own anti-competitive practices. Why did Bristol-Myers Squibb and Sanofi-Aventis seek a settlement?Apotex had was near the conclusion of the government mandated 30 month stay brought on by Bristol-Myers Squibb to delay them from releasing their generic form of Plavix(Chen, 2011). Bristol-Myers Squibb chose to settle rather than litigate for fear of likely losing any patent litigation. Buying out Apotex which was the only other producer of the drug would pr eserve their monopoly and profit margin. Bristol-Myers Squibb had already had a long history of manipulative practices and had delayed other drugs from entering the market in a similar manner, excessive 30 month stays (FTC, 2003).They had been taking advantage of a loophole in the Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations system known as the Orange Book (FTC, 2003). Litigation would bring further attention to the practices within the pharmaceutical industry and encourage government intervention. Bristol-Myers Squibb and Sanofi-Aventis prevents Apotex from launching generic drug. Pharmaceutical companies are well within their rights to push for extensions on their patents (Baron, 2010). Bristol-Myers Squibb however did not take a legal approach to this.They should not have attempted to pay Apotex 40-60 million dollars to prevent them from launching their generic drug. The Federal Trade Commission must approve of any such agreement to ensure that it does not violate anti-trust laws. Their a ttempted agreement was collusion. Their attempt to limit the production of Apotex was illegal and therefore rejected by governing bodies. Sherman’s strategy Bristol-Myers Squibb’s deceptive practices were likely to catch up to them. This occurred when they crossed paths with Sherman who led Apotex at the time.After everything settled Sherman acknowledged in an interview that he knew the FTC would reject the proposed agreements made by Bristol-Myers Squibb and Sanofi. He also recognized that their spokesman didn’t realize his offer would cause adverse action against Bristol-Myers Squibb (Baron, 2010). He played to their ignorance and entered the agreement. There is no direct answer to the ethics of Sherman’s strategy. He did not actively participate or even condone Brisol-Myers Squibb’s collusion; in fact he knew the agreement would be rejected.There is no way of truly knowing whether Sherman acted with malice when implementing his strategy. Should the FTC and the state attorneys general have rejected the agreements? The FTC and state attorney was right in rejecting Brisol-Myers Squibb’s proposed agreements on the grounds that it is an anti-competitive practice. The second agreement would have been rejected as well provided Bristol-Myers Squibb was completely honest with the FTC. Upon submission of the second agreement to the department of justice they affirmed under oath that all agreements were as listed on the document with no side arrangements (Chen, 2011).After the initiation of an investigation conducted by the Federal Bureau of Investigations Bristol-Myers Squibb plead guilty to two counts of fraud. Did Bristol-Myers Squibb likely violate the deferred prosecution agreement? Bristol-Myers Squib’s board of directors were not going to allow their organization to violate the deferred prosecution agreement. A corporation in its position must remain clean and ethical to rebuild especially while under the supervi sion of government assigned federal monitor Frederick Lacy. The firing of CEO Peter Dolan was a sign that Bristol-Myers Squibb was trying to recover.References Baron, D. P. (2010). Business and its environment (6th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Chen, Q. (2011). Destroying A Pharmaceutical Patent for Saving Lives: A Case Study of Sanofi- Synthelabo V. Apotex, Inc. Albany Law Journal. Retrieved from http://www. albanylawjournal. org/articles/chen_3. pdf Federal Trade Commission. (2003). FTC Charges Bristol-Myers Squibb with Pattern of Abusing Government Processes to Stifle Generic Drug Competition. Retrieved from http://www. ftc. gov/opa/2003/03/bms. shtm Plavix Case Study Patent Games: Plavix Case Study Columbia Southern University Abstract This case study illustrates the conflict between patent protection and preserving a pure competitive market. Pharmaceutical companies are granted patent rights to newly developed drugs for a limited amount of time. Through legal means they are able to form monopolies and maximize their profits. a parent company can move to delay the release of its generic comparison through legal and illegal measures. In the following case Bristol-Myers Squibb fell victim to their own anti-competitive practices. Why did Bristol-Myers Squibb and Sanofi-Aventis seek a settlement?Apotex had was near the conclusion of the government mandated 30 month stay brought on by Bristol-Myers Squibb to delay them from releasing their generic form of Plavix(Chen, 2011). Bristol-Myers Squibb chose to settle rather than litigate for fear of likely losing any patent litigation. Buying out Apotex which was the only other producer of the drug would pr eserve their monopoly and profit margin. Bristol-Myers Squibb had already had a long history of manipulative practices and had delayed other drugs from entering the market in a similar manner, excessive 30 month stays (FTC, 2003).They had been taking advantage of a loophole in the Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations system known as the Orange Book (FTC, 2003). Litigation would bring further attention to the practices within the pharmaceutical industry and encourage government intervention. Bristol-Myers Squibb and Sanofi-Aventis prevents Apotex from launching generic drug. Pharmaceutical companies are well within their rights to push for extensions on their patents (Baron, 2010). Bristol-Myers Squibb however did not take a legal approach to this.They should not have attempted to pay Apotex 40-60 million dollars to prevent them from launching their generic drug. The Federal Trade Commission must approve of any such agreement to ensure that it does not violate anti-trust laws. Their a ttempted agreement was collusion. Their attempt to limit the production of Apotex was illegal and therefore rejected by governing bodies. Sherman’s strategy Bristol-Myers Squibb’s deceptive practices were likely to catch up to them. This occurred when they crossed paths with Sherman who led Apotex at the time.After everything settled Sherman acknowledged in an interview that he knew the FTC would reject the proposed agreements made by Bristol-Myers Squibb and Sanofi. He also recognized that their spokesman didn’t realize his offer would cause adverse action against Bristol-Myers Squibb (Baron, 2010). He played to their ignorance and entered the agreement. There is no direct answer to the ethics of Sherman’s strategy. He did not actively participate or even condone Brisol-Myers Squibb’s collusion; in fact he knew the agreement would be rejected.There is no way of truly knowing whether Sherman acted with malice when implementing his strategy. Should the FTC and the state attorneys general have rejected the agreements? The FTC and state attorney was right in rejecting Brisol-Myers Squibb’s proposed agreements on the grounds that it is an anti-competitive practice. The second agreement would have been rejected as well provided Bristol-Myers Squibb was completely honest with the FTC. Upon submission of the second agreement to the department of justice they affirmed under oath that all agreements were as listed on the document with no side arrangements (Chen, 2011).After the initiation of an investigation conducted by the Federal Bureau of Investigations Bristol-Myers Squibb plead guilty to two counts of fraud. Did Bristol-Myers Squibb likely violate the deferred prosecution agreement? Bristol-Myers Squib’s board of directors were not going to allow their organization to violate the deferred prosecution agreement. A corporation in its position must remain clean and ethical to rebuild especially while under the supervi sion of government assigned federal monitor Frederick Lacy. The firing of CEO Peter Dolan was a sign that Bristol-Myers Squibb was trying to recover.References Baron, D. P. (2010). Business and its environment (6th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Chen, Q. (2011). Destroying A Pharmaceutical Patent for Saving Lives: A Case Study of Sanofi- Synthelabo V. Apotex, Inc. Albany Law Journal. Retrieved from http://www. albanylawjournal. org/articles/chen_3. pdf Federal Trade Commission. (2003). FTC Charges Bristol-Myers Squibb with Pattern of Abusing Government Processes to Stifle Generic Drug Competition. Retrieved from http://www. ftc. gov/opa/2003/03/bms. shtm